The possibility for a Civil Court to independently determine that a tort is a crime – comments in the light of case law of the European Court of Human Rights regarding presumption of innocence. Ius Novum, Warszawa, Poland, v. 16, n. 3, p. 63–78, 2022. DOI: 10.26399/iusnovum.v16.3.2022.26/a.grochowska-wasilewska. Disponível em: https://iusnovum.lazarski.pl/iusnovum/article/view/1323. Acesso em: 14 mar. 2026.